For nearly forty years, Understanding and Using English Grammar has been the go-to grammar resource for students and teachers alike. Its time-tested approach blends direct grammar instruction with carefully sequenced practice to develop all language skills. New to This Edition Pretests at the start of each chapter enable learners to check what they already know. Updated grammar charts reflect current usage and highlight differences between written and spoken English. A variety of high-interest readings include reviews, articles on current topics, and blogs that focus on student success. Additional incremental practice helps learners better grasp concepts, while thematic exercises and integrated tasks offer more contextualized language use. Step-by-step writing activities are supported by writing tips and pre-writing and editing tasks. New Essential Online Resources include Student Book audio, Student Book answer key, Grammar Coach videos, and self-assessments.Table of Contents: Preface to the Fifth Edition   Acknowledgments   Chapter 12  NOUN CLAUSES   12-1   Introduction 12-2   Noun Clauses with Question Words 12-3   Noun Clauses with Whether or If 12-4   Question Words Followed by Infinitives 12-5   Noun Clauses with That 12-6   Quoted Speech 12-7   Reported Speech 12-8   Reported Speech: Modal Verbs in Noun Clauses 12-9   The Subjunctive in Noun Clauses   Chapter 13  ADJECTIVE CLAUSES   13-1   Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Subject 13-2   Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Object of a Verb 13-3   Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Object of a Preposition 13-4   Using Whose 13-5   Using Wherein Adjective Clauses 13-6   Using Whenin Adjective Clauses 13-7   Using Adjective Clauses to Modify Pronouns 13-8   Punctuating Adjective Clauses 13-9   Using Expressions of Quantity in Adjective Clauses 13-10 Using Which to Modify a Whole Sentence 13-11 Reducing Adjective Clauses to Adjective Phrases   Chapter 14  GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES, PART 1   14-1   Gerunds and Infinitives: Introduction 14-2   Common Verbs Followed by Gerunds 14-3   Common Verbs Followed by Infinitives 14-4   Infinitives with Objects 14-5   Common Verbs Followed by Either Infinitives or Gerunds 14-6   Using Gerunds as the Objects of Prepositions 14-7   Go + Gerund 14-8   Special Expressions Followed by -ing 14-9   It + Infinitive; Gerunds and Infinitives as Subjects 14-10 Reference List of Verbs Followed by Infinitives 14-11 Reference List of Verbs Followed by Gerunds 14-12 Reference List of Preposition Combinations Followed by Gerunds   Chapter 15  GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES, PART 2   15-1   Infinitive of Purpose: In Order To 15-2   Adjectives Followed by Infinitives 15-3   Using Infinitives with Too and Enough 15-4   Passive Infinitives and Gerunds:  Present 15-5   Past Forms of Infinitives and Gerunds 15-6   Using Gerunds or Passive Infinitives Following Need 15-7   Using Verbs of Perception 15-8   Using the Simple Form After Let and Help 15-9   Using Causative Verbs: Make, Have, Get 15-10 Using a Possessive to Modify a Gerund   Chapter 16  COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS   16-1   Parallel Structure 16-2   Parallel Structure: Using Commas 16-3   Punctuation for Independent Clauses; Connecting Them with And and But 16-4   Paired Conjunctions: Both . . . And; Not Only . . . But Also; Either . . . Or; Neither . . . Nor   Chapter 17  ADVERB CLAUSES   17-1   Introduction 17-2   Using Adverb Clauses to Show Time Relationships 17-3   Using Adverb Clauses to Show Cause and Effect 17-4   Expressing Contrast (Unexpected Result): Using Even Though 17-5   Showing Direct Contrast: While 17-6   Expressing Conditions in Adverb Clauses: If-Clauses 17-7   Shortened If-Clauses 17-8   Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using Whether or Not and Even If 17-9   Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using In Case 17-10 Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using Unless 17-11 Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using Only If   Chapter 18  REDUCTION OF ADVERB CLAUSES TO MODIFYING ADVERBIAL PHRASES   18-1   Introduction 18-2   Changing Time Clauses to Modifying Adverbial Phrases 18-3   Expressing the Idea of “During the Same Time” in Modifying Adverbial Phrases 18-4   Expressing Cause and Effect in Modifying Adverbial Phrases 18-5   Using Upon + -ing in Modifying Adverbial Phrases   Chapter 19  CONNECTIVES THAT EXPRESS CAUSE AND EFFECT, CONTRAST, AND CONDITION   19-1   Introduction 19-2   Using Because Of and Due To 19-3   Cause and Effect: Using Therefore, Consequently, and So 19-4   Summary of Patterns and Punctuation 19-5   Other Ways of Expressing Cause and Effect: Such . . . That and So . . . That 19-6   Expressing Purpose: Using So That 19-7   Showing Contrast (Unexpected Result) 19-8   Showing Direct Contrast 19-9   Expressing Conditions: Using Otherwise and Or (Else)   Chapter 20  CONDITIONAL SENTENCES AND WISHES 20-1   Overview of Basic Verb Forms Used in Conditional Sentences 20-2   Expressing Real Conditions in the Present or Future 20-3   Unreal (Contrary to Fact) in the Present or Future 20-4   Unreal (Contrary to Fact) in the Past 20-5   Using Progressive Verb Forms in Conditional Sentences 20-6   Using “Mixed Time” in Conditional Sentences 20-7   Omitting If 20-8   Implied Conditions 20-9   Wishes About thePresent and Past 20-10 Wishes About the Future; Use of Wish + Would     Appendix    SUPPLEMENTARY GRAMMAR CHARTS      Unit A: Basic Grammar Terminology A-1   Subjects, Verbs, and Objects A-2   Adjectives A-3   Adverbs A-4   Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases A-5   Preposition Combinations with Adjectives and Adverbs   Unit B: Questions B-1   Forms of Yes /No and Information Questions B-2   Question Words B-3   Shortened Yes/No Questions B-4   Negative Questions B-5   Tag Questions   Unit C: Contractions   Unit D: Negatives D-1   Using Not and Other Negative Words D-2   Avoiding Double Negatives D-3   Beginning a Sentence with a Negative Word   Unit E:  Verbs E-1   The Verb Be E-2   Spelling of -ing and -ed Verb Forms E-3   Overview of Verb Tenses E-4   Summary of Verb Tenses E-5   Regular Verbs:  Pronunciation of -ed Endings E-6   Pronunciation of Final -s in Verbs and Nouns E-7   Linking Verbs E-8   Troublesome Verbs: Raise/Rise, Set/Sit, Lay/Lie E-9   Irregular Verbs:  An Alphabetical Reference List   Listening Script Index