This volume brings together the work of many researchers interested in blood flow in artificial organs and cardiovascular prostheses. Such devices have had a dramatic impact on medicine. The use of blood oxygenators and dialysers has made surgical procedures like major open-heart surgery possible. Implantable replacement heart valves and blood vessels are other important examples of devices which have extended the clinician's choice of treatment, and prolonged and improved the quality of patients' lives. The development of these artificial organs and cardiovascular prostheses has been based on interdisciplinary research involving clinicians, engineers, and scientists from a range of fields. The further improvement and development of these devices remain an important aim of such collaborative research as that represented in this work.