This book presents a state-of-the-art overview of the research and development in designing electrode and electrolyte materials for Li-ion batteries and supercapacitors. Further, green energy production via the water splitting approach by the hydroelectric cell is also explored. Features include: - Provides details on the latest trends in design and optimization of electrode and electrolyte materials with key focus on enhancement of energy storage and conversion device performance - Focuses on existing nanostructured electrodes and polymer electrolytes for device fabrication, as well as new promising research routes toward the development of new materials for improving device performance - Features a dedicated chapter that explores electricity generation by dissociating water through hydroelectric cells, which are a nontoxic and green source of energy production - Describes challenges and offers a vision for next-generation devices This book is beneficial for advanced students and professionals working in energy storage across the disciplines of physics, materials science, chemistry, and chemical engineering. It is also a valuable reference for manufacturers of electrode/electrolyte materials for energy storage devices and hydroelectric cells.