Provides a foundation for probability based on game theory rather than measure theory. A strong philosophical approach with practical applications. Presents in-depth coverage of classical probability theory as well as new theory. About the Author: GLENN SHAFER, PhD, is Professor in the Graduate School of Management at Rutgers University. He is also the author of The Art of Causal Conjecture, Probabilistic Expert Systems, and A Mathematical Theory of Evidence. VLADIMIR VOVK, PhD, is Professor in the Department of Computer Science at Royal Holloway, University of London.