The study of stable groups connects model theory, algebraic geometry and group theory. It analyzes groups that possess a certain general dependence relation and tries to derive structural properties from this. These may be group-theoretic (nilpotency or solubility of a given group), algebro-geometric (identification of a group as an algebraic group), or model-theoretic (description of the definable sets). In this book, the general theory of stable groups is developed from the beginning (including a chapter on preliminaries in group theory and model theory), concentrating on the model- and group-theoretic aspects. It brings together the various extensions of the original finite rank theory under a unified perspective and provides a coherent exposition of the current knowledge in the field.