On the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the World Conference of Human Rights in 1993 and the adoption of the Vienna Declaration and Program of Action (VDPA), an international high-level conference took place in Vienna in June 2013. The conference gathered some 200 experts from all parts of the world, who, on the one hand, reaffirmed the key achievements of the VDPA, such as the universality and indivisibility, as well as the legitimacy of the international protection of human rights; on the other hand, the experts addressed, on the basis of these accomplishments, current and future challenges to the international human rights system. In three working groups, as well as in various high-level public panels, discussions focused on the following thematic areas: strengthening the rule of law, realizing the human rights of women universally, and the preparation of a human rights-based approach for the post-2015 development agenda. The conference resulted in action-oriented recommendations to States and other actors, which were presented to the UN Human Rights Council, as well as the General Assembly, in Autumn 2013. This book offers insights from the conference. [Subject: International Law, Human Rights Law]About the Author: Julia Kozma holds a PhD in International Criminal Law and a Master's Degree in Human Rights and Peace Support Operations. Since 2004, she is legal researcher at the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Human Rights, Vienna; and since 2008 senior legal researcher at the University of Vienna. From 2008 to 2012 she was head of the team "Human Dignity and Public Security" at the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute. Until 2010 she worked for the mandate of the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Torture, and participated in various fact-finding missions (Nepal, Jordan, Gambia, Togo, Sri Lanka, Moldova, Uruguay, and Jamaica) as well as in the report on Guantánamo Bay. In December 2009 the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe elected her Austrian expert member of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture (CPT); in 2013 she was unanimously reelected for a second term. She has broad teaching experiences and has written diverse publications on human rights and torture related issues.Anna Müller-Funk is researcher at the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Human Rights in Vienna.Manfred Nowak received his PhD from the Law School of the University of Vienna in 1973 ad his LL.M from Columbia University (New York) in 1975. He was UN Special Rapporteur on Torture, UN expert on enforced disappearances and judge at the Human Rights Chamber for Bosnia and Herzegovina. He is/was visiting professor at the Danish Institute of Human Rights in Copenhagen, the Raoul Wallenberg Institute of Human Rights at Lund University, the Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights, the European Inter-University Centre for Human Rights and Democratization in Venice, the American University in Washington, D.C., Abo Akademie in Turku and the Netherlands Institute of Human Rights (Director of SIM from 1987 to 1989). He is Professor of International Law and Human Rights at Vienna University and Co-Director of the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Human Rights in Vienna. He is author of more than 500 publications in the field of human rights, public and international law.