We have material evidence that proves that Egypt was in contact with other regions and polities from an early period, seemingly in the form of exchange and trade in commodities. But what did these foreigners make of the Egyptians? These twelve essays explore the complexities of answering this question at different points in Egypt's history. Whilst some take a largely archaeological or materialistic approach (largely those looking at the period before c.1500BC), others assess the attitudes and perspectives of non-Egyptians through literary sources, looking in particular at the Greeks, Macedonians and Romans.