Machining, as a reliable manufacturing process, still offers unmatched capabilities in producing high quality three-dimensional parts from metals, polymers, ceramics, wood and composites. Advances in computational modeling and optimization methods enabled researchers to develop cost effective and high throughput modern machining processes. This book aims to provide recent advances intelligent machining for modern manufacturing engineering. It includes six chapters that provide basic fundamentals, modern machining processes, analytical and mechanistic modeling approaches, finite element modeling and systems based modeling, recent optimization methods and case studies.