The current state of the Russian oil industry, made forecast of the industry until 2030. The parameters of the oil industry (production volumes, refining of oil and associated gas, transportation of oil and oil products, forecast capital expenditure requirements for the reconstruction and development of production facilities). The main problems hindering the effective development of the oil industry. Presented proposals for mechanisms of state regulation, measures to stimulate the development of the oil industry. Strategy of development of the oil and gas industry of Russia, co-ordinated with the Russian Government approved the Energy Strategy (ES-2030), may serve as a basis for the formation of the General Scheme of the oil industry. In turn, the main provisions of the General Scheme can be used by public authorities of the Russian Federation and regions in the development and implementation of government regulation and incentives in the field of fuel and energy complex, as well as in the preparation of regional energy programs. Landmarks Oil Strategy and General Scheme could be used by oil and gas companies in developing their strategic plans.