With this text I address the problem of child sexual abuse, from the very moment of the formulation of the criminal complaint by an adult, and with it, the essential need to establish general guidelines of interpretation in order to elucidate the false allegations from the true ones. Through the analysis of examples of real cases that have been prosecuted, I analyse the modes of expression that a child who has been abused can adopt, as well as the negative consequences that the child suffers in his or her behavioural changes and also on the physical, emotional, relational, psychological and spiritual levels.